Cicero in Catilinam

James Sayers

An item at Metropolitan Museum of Art

In November 1784, a year after King George III appointed him chief minister, William Pitt faced a general election that secured his claim to office. Here, he stands before the House of Commons, addressing his bitter rivals, Charles James Fox and Frederick Lord North, who squirm with anger at being forced onto Parliament’s Opposition Benches. Fox demonstrates disrespect by wearing his hat and chewing his fingers. North scowls and buries his head in papers. The printmaker expresses his admiration through the title which compares the youthful Pitt to Cicero, a statesman who preserved the Roman Republic by suppressing a coup d’état led by the patrician Catiline. Sayers has brilliantly reduced the complex rivalries driving British politics to a dynamic among three figures. Expressively, densely etched lines set the scene in a half-light suggestive of moral darkness.

Drawings and Prints

An exhibit at Metropolitan Museum of Art

The Department’s vast collection of works on paper comprises approximately 21,000 drawings, 1.2 million prints, and 12,000 illustrated books created in Europe and the Americas from about 1400 to the present day. Since its foundation in 1916, the Department has been committed to collecting a wide range of works on paper, which includes both pieces that are incredibly rare and lauded for their aesthetic appeal, as well as material that is more popular, functional, and ephemeral. The broad scope of the department’s collecting encourages questions of connoisseurship as well as those pertaining to function and context, and demonstrates the vital role that prints, drawings, and illustrated books have played throughout history.

Metropolitan Museum of Art